Journal in Humanities

Role of Artificial Intelligence in Language Acquisition Process

2023-12-21T12:27:18+04:00

Development of technologies foster debate about the role of technology in education and challenges the current perception of relation between technology and education. Creation of artificial intelligence questions stability of education system, while in longer perspective it questions the necessity of language teachers. The article discusses what is educational technology form the perspectives of teachers and practitioner educators and speaks about the role of artificial intelligence in education and in language acquisition process.

Russia-Ukraine War and Its Reflection on US-China Relations

2023-12-21T12:18:55+04:00

The purpose of this research work was to study US-Chinese relations against the backdrop of the Russian-Ukrainian war. China's
position regarding the Russian-Ukrainian war is also analyzed. conduct a detailed analysis of geopolitical, and economic, issues of
relations between the two Great Powers The work presents mainly questions of a predictive type, in relation to which it is determined that the trade relations between the United States and China that existed before the 2022 war are preserved. On the other hand, China has not yet taken radical steps towards rapprochement with Russia and moving away from the United States. China will pursue a pragmatic policy of maintaining trade and economic relations with the United States and will therefore ignore Russian policies. The US and China should take very careful policy steps. China should use its accumulated power with great caution so as not to harm other states and, at the same time, its own plans for the future. In addition, the US Department of State should take sensible steps in dealing with China.

The Formation of Literary Canons in History of Turkish Literature

2024-01-22T11:26:41+04:00

The term ‘canon’ is derived from the Greek word ‘kanon’, which refers to a law, criterion, or rule. It implies a criterion for determining what is true or authentic. In the context of literature, the concept of canon is associated with works that serve as examples or criteria for subsequent literary works, and that can become classical masterpieces. The canonization of art typically occurs in two ways. The first occurs through the natural process of people appreciating certain works, leading them to become classics. The second occurs in a ‘guided (goal oriented)’ manner in which certain authorities, such as political parties, governments, or ideologies, shape the canon to serve their interests. It is observed that many countries use literature and art as cultural tools to promote the national identity and ideology to individuals and society, viewing them as a means of cultural control. The inception of contemporary Turkish literature can be traced back to the 'Tanzimat Edict' of 1839, which sought to revitalize various areas, including literature, during the final years of the Ottoman Empire. With the conclusion of the First World War, the Ottoman Empire came to an end and the Turkish Republic was established. During the war years spanning 1911 to 1923, national sentiments and ideas became prominent themes in Turkish literature. Upon the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, national sentiments and specific ideas continued to exert their influence on the country's literature due to the prevalent awareness of Turkish identity that many felt needed to be instilled in society. The works produced by authors for this purpose are considered as part of the national literature. The newly established state aimed to adopt contemporary norms and, in this context, introduced reforms in every sphere of Turkish life. Literature was utilized as a tool to encourage public acceptance of these reforms, and the literature produced for this purpose was referred to as ‘revolution literature’. When examining the history of Modern Turkish Literature, one can observe literary works that fit within the framework of a ‘national literature canon’ or ‘revolution canon’. These works aim to present new values, ideas, and understandings to society by devaluing or criticizing old ones. This process of guided transformation is also known as ‘dirigisme’. Throughout history in Turkey, various groups (Kemalists, Marxists, nationalists, Islamists) have created ‘guided literature’ to teach or persuade others to adopt their ideologies. Poets and writers who were constrained by the political regimes, ideologies, and dominant powers of their time often reacted through an ‘anti-canon’ or ‘dissent canon’ strategy, resisting the official canon that political powers sought to establish. As a result, literature and art placed increasing importance on irony in language and expression. Utopias were also explored in ‘dissent canonical texts’ as a means of escaping from the unhappy present world.

Keywords: Literature, Art, Canon, Dirigism, Guidance

Civil Rights and Colin Powell’s American Journey

2024-01-15T12:42:42+04:00

The fundamental rights of the U.S. are introduced in the Bill of Rights – the first ten amendments to the Constitution – and we often speak of the “protection” by that document. However, individual rights are always at risk if they are not vehemently defended by all the institutions of society (Berman & Allen).
The article depicts the thorny way towards civil rights achievement and is concentrated on important moments in the civil rights
movement in America; gives correlation of the attitude of Martin Luther King and Colin Powell in terms of unacceptability of grudge towards white brothers, as destiny of blacks and whites was bound to their freedom.
Keywords: Abolition, constitution, journey, opportunities

The Influence of Foreign Languages on the Economy

2023-12-21T12:23:29+04:00

Knowledge of foreign languages has played a crucial role in the life of a modern person in recent decades. It is necessary in
many spheres of life (science, politics, culture, art, and others). Foreign languages have taken on a new aspect, becoming a
means of achieving professionalism and the main point in employment. It is no coincidence that foreign languages are being
intensively studied in order to actively work in the market.
With the growing economic pace, the demand for highly qualified individuals who are able, to develop and implement new
methods and technologies is growing, which has a positive effect on the educational development system. In turn, developing
the education system, leading to an increase in the number of highly qualified specialists, contributes to economic growth.
Thus, fully mastering a foreign language contributes to the development of students’ cognitive interest in future professional
activity, and awareness of its features, which generally increases the effectiveness of performing skilled tasks, having a
positive impact on the effectiveness of professional training and further successful identity with the chosen profession in the
field of economics.

A Perspective Study Into How the COVID-19 Pandemics Impacted the Use of Computer Assisted Language Learning in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzogovina

2024-01-22T11:45:24+04:00

The term Computer-Assisted Language Learning refers to a style of education that facilitates teaching and learning through the use of a computers and computer-based resources, including the internet, to present, reinforce, and assess the relevant topics. With the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemics, many individuals were forced to become more familiar with, and tolerant of, the necessary transition into entirely digital education. In order to better understand how the COVID-19 pandemics influenced the long-term occurrence of this education style, this study aims to collect data on the public usage of computer-assisted language learning in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. A survey tailored to the research questions was carried out with the purpose of collecting sufficient and relevant data on the subject. It was predicted that the findings would reveal a rise in the usage of computer-assisted language learning as a result of the COVID-19 pandemics. Additionally, it was anticipated that this study will demonstrate how the COVID-19 epidemic, with its severe and widespread effects, contributed to the rise in demand for new applications for computer-assisted language learning.

Keywords: English language, Computer-Assisted Language Learning, CALL, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, public education, COVID-19, pandemics, teaching, learning

Teacher's Perceptions and Experiences on Teaching English as a Foreign Language in Primary and High Schools during COVID-19 Pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2024-01-22T11:20:06+04:00

Teaching and acquisition of English as a foreign language (EFL) has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 epidemic in all educational settings around the world. This research paper looks into the perceptions and experiences of EFL teachers in Bosnia and Herzegovina's elementary and high schools throughout the pandemic. A qualitative method - interviews with 40 teachers - was used in the study. The results show that teachers had a variety of difficulties while instructing EFL during the pandemic, including a lack of internet access, a lack of student involvement, and a lack of sufficient training in online teaching methods. However, many instructors also acknowledged the benefits, like improved adaptability and creativity in their education. The paper concludes with recommendations for improving EFL instruction both during and after the epidemic, emphasizing the importance of ensuring that all students have fair access to resources and technology as well as the necessity of giving teachers more training and support.

Keywords: EFL, teaching, learning, challenges, COVID-19, methods, strategies, creativity, technology, training, ICT tools